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N.B.: Wherever books are prescribed the latest edition of the books concerned are to be understood. | |
| YEAR: V-I | |
| SEMESTER 1 for V-I | |
| SUBJECTS | |
| I. General English—Paper I | (100 marks) |
| II. Logic—I | (100 marks) |
| III. Economics | (100 marks) |
| DETAILED SYLLABUS |
| I. GENERAL ENGLISH—PAPER I |
| A. Grammar and Usage 1. Complex and Compound Sentences 2. Conditionals 3. Reported Speech 4. Question tags and short responses 5. Some common errors |
| B. Vocabulary (Communication Skills) 1. Legal Terms (relevant to the subject papers of an LL.B. student) 2. Use of Legal Terms and Idiomatic Expressions |
| C. Comprehension Skills 1. Reading Comprehension (Principles and Practice) 2. Listening Comprehension |
| D. Composition Skills 1. Paragraph Writing 2. Formal Correspondence |
| E. Texts for Detailed Study 1. George Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four 2. George Bernard Shaw, St. Joan |
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Recommended Readings 1. L. A. Hill et al, English Language Course for College—Book I, (Oxford) 2. Fowler, Modern English Usage, (ELBS Publication) 3. M. K. Gandhi, Law and Lawyers 4. F. T. Wood, Remedial English, (Macmillan) 5. A. Thomas and A. V. Martinet, Practical English Grammar, (Oxford University) |
| II. LOGIC—PAPER I |
| A. Deductive |
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1. Nature of Logic— a) Definition of Logic b) Deductive and Inductive Arguments c) Form and Content of an Argument d) Concept of a Logical Form e) Logic as a Formal Science f) Truth and Validity g) Inference and Implication h) Utility of Logic |
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2. Propositions— a) What is a Proposition? b) Traditional Analysis of a Proposition c) Constituents and Compositions d) Proposition and Fact e) Proposition and Sentence f) Proposition and Judgment |
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3. Terms— a) What is a Term? b) Distinction Between a Word and a Term c) Kinds of Terms—Singular and General, Positive and Negative, Contrary and Contradictory d) Denotation and Connotation |
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4. Traditional Classification of Propositions a) Simple and Compound Propositions b) Categorical and Conditional Propositions c) Quality of Propositions d) Quantity of Propositions e) Four-fold Classification of Propositions f) Singular Propositions g) Reduction of Sentences to Logical Form h) Distribution of Terms in a Categorical Proposition |
| 5. Modern Classification of Propositions a) Defects of Traditional Classification b) Aim and Basis of Modern Classification c) Simple Propositions d) Compound Propositions e) General Propositions |
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6. Laws of Thought a) Law of Identity b) Law of (Non) Contradiction c) Law of Excluded Middle d) Functions of the Laws of Thought |
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7. Inference and Implication a) Nature of Inference b) Difference between Inference and Implication c) Immediate and Mediate Inference |
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8. Opposition of Propositions a) Types of Opposition b) Inference by Opposition of Propositions c) Opposition of Singular Propositions |
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9. Eductions: Types of Eductions a) Converse b) Obverse c) Obverted Converse d) Contrapositive e) Inverse f) Other Immediate Inferences |
| B. Inductive |
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1. Definition— a) What is a Definition? b) Purposes of Definition c) Kinds of Definitions—Traditional Definition, Fallacies of Definition, Modern Definition |
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2. Division— a) What is a Logical Division? b) Rules of a Logical Division c) Fallacies of Division |
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3. Nature of Induction— a) Need for Induction b) Aristotle’s View of Induction c) Kinds of Induction—Induction per Complete Enumeration, Parity of reasoning, Colligation of Facts, Induction per Simple Enumeration – Fallacy of Illicit (hasty) generalization d) Analogy—Conditions of a sound logical argument, importance and value of analogy |
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4. Explanation— a) What is an Explanation? b) Nature of Scientific Explanation c) Common Sense and Scientific Explanation d) Explanation of Facts and Law e) Types of Explanation f) Limits of Explanation |
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Reference Books 1. K. T. Basantani, Introduction to Logic, (Sheth Publishers Bombay 2nd edn 2000) 2. Irving Copi, An Introduction to Logic |
| III. ECONOMICS |
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The course content of Economics for the Pre-Law Course may consist of two parts— Part A: Economics: General Principles and Part B: Indian Economics. |
| The object is not just to acquaint students with Economics as an academic discipline but to relate economic principles to the process of law and to project their inter-relationships so that it may help better understanding of the subjects as such. Besides, knowledge of economics is essential to a proper understanding of Jurisprudence, constitutional development and planned development. |
| A. General Principles |
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1. Economics as a Science and its relevance to law 2. Economics as a Basis of Social Welfare and Social Justice 3. Free enterprise, Planned Economies and Mixed Economies 4. General Principles of Economics a) Demand and Supply b) Markets, determination of prices, business organisations c) Labour and wages d) Capital and money e) Saving, consumption and investment 5. International comparisons of developmental strategies and experience— Theories of economic growth and problems of development 6. Control of monopolies and prevention of economic concentration 7. Banking and Fiscal Policy a) Resource mobilisation and Fiscal resources, Taxation b) The role of credit and banking system, Rural money markets c) International financial institutions d) Technology and Economic Growth |
| B. Indian Economics |
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1. Introduction to the Indian Economy a) Trends in Population Growth b) Estimates of National Income to India c) Post-independence Economics in India |
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2. Poverty and Income Distribution a) Trends and Inter-regional Variations in the Incidence of Rural Poverty b) Unemployment Trends and Employment Generation Schemes c) Labour Productivity and Wages |
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3. The Logic of India’s Development Strategy a) Planning Process b) Priorities Between Agriculture and Industry c) Choice of technology d) The Role of Public, Private and Joint Sectors e) Large, Medium and Small Industries |
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4. Problem of Controlling Economic Concentration a) Regulation of the Private Corporate Sector (Controls, Licences, Quotas) b) Anti-monopolies and Restrictive Practices Regulation c) Deficit Financing d) Pricing e) Labour Relations |
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5. Foreign Investments a) International Investment b) International Aid c) International Corporations d) Trends in new economic order |
| 6. Export and Import Policies: Import Substitution and Export Promotion |
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7. Agricultural Economics a) Basic characteristics of the economy and its transformation since independence b) Evolution of Agrarian Relations, Integrated Rural Development c) Commercialisation of Agriculture d) Economics of Farm Management e) Agricultural credit |
| 8. Role of Capital Formation, credit and banking system |
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Books prescribed 1. J. L. Henson, Textbook of Economics, (The English Language Book Society & Macdonald & Evans Ltd., 7th edn.) (Chapters 1 to 4, 6, 9 to 15, 18 to 21, 26, 27, 29 and 30) 2. Rudder Dutta and K. P. M. Sundharam, Indian Economcy, (S. Chand & Co. Ltd., 12th revised edn.) (Chapters 1 to 5, 8 to 13, 16 to 21, 24 to 30, 34 to 43, 45, 48, 49 and 51) |
| Reference Books 1. Paul A. Samuelson, Economics, (McGraw-Hill International Book Co., International Students Edition, 11th edn., 1980) 2. Alfred N. Stonier and Douglas C. Hague, A Text Book of Economic Theory, (The English Language Book Society & Longman Group Ltd., 4th edn.) |
| YEAR: V-I | |
| SEMESTER 2 for V-I | |
| SUBJECTS | |
| I. History | (100 marks) |
| II. Political Science—Paper I | (100 marks) |
| III. Legal Language including Legal Writing | (100 marks) |
| DETAILED SYLLABUS |
| I. HISTORY |
| HISTORY OF MODERN INDIA (1857-1964) |
| A. India in 1857: The Revolt of 1857 and its Aftermath |
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B. Renaissance in Modern India 1. Religious Reform Movements 2. Social Reforms and Lower Caste Movements and Social Change 3. Emancipation of the Women 4. Emancipation of the Depressed Classes |
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C. Struggle for Freedom (1885-1919) 1. Genesis and Growth of the National Movement up to 1905: Work of the Early Nationalists; Official Response to the Early National Movement from Dufferin to Curzon 2. Programme, Policies, Ideologies and Techniques of the Political Work of Militant Nationalists; Emergence of Revolutionary Terrorism |
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D. Struggle for Freedom: The Gandhi Era (1920-1947) 1. Emergence of Gandhi in Indian Politics 2. Non-Cooperation Movement 3. Civil Disobedience Movement 4. Genesis and Growth of Communalism in India |
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E. Policy of Association and its Effects 1. Indian Councils Act, 1861 2. Indian Councils Act, 1892 3. Indian Councils Act, 1909 |
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F. Constitutional Developments (1919-1947) 1. Declaration of August 1917 , Montague-Chelmsford Report and the Government of India Act, 1919 2. Simon Commission, Nehru Report and Round Table Conferences 3. Government of India Act, 1935 and its Working 4. Cripps Proposal, Cabinet Mission and the Indian Independence Act, 1947 |
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G. British Impact on India and Major Developments in— 1. Education 2. The Press 3. Local Self-Government 4. Civil Services 5. Economy |
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H. British Policy Towards Native States 1. Policy of Subordinate Union and Cooperation 2. The Integration of Indian States |
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I. The Nehru Area (1947-1964) 1. Aftermath of the Partition 2. Making of the Constitution 3. Internal Policy: a) Economic Planning b) Science and Technology 4. Foreign Relations 5. Rise and Growth of Regional and Caste Movements and Revival of Buddhism in India |
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J. The Nehru Era (1947-1964): Areas of Conflict 1. Centre-State Relations 2. States Reorganisation 3. Regionalism and Politics of Language 4. Role of Pressure Groups in Indian Political Development |
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Books for Study 1. Glanville Austin, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, (Oxford University Press Bombay 1979). 2. Anil Chandra Bannerjee, Constitutional History of India, Vol. II (1858-1919), (The Macmillan Company of India Delhi 1978) 3. Kali Kinkar Datta, A Social History of Modern India, (The Macmillan Company of India Delhi 1975) 4. H. H. Dodwell (ed), The Cambridge Shorter History of India, Part III: British India with Additional Chapters from 1919 to 1947, (S. Chand and Co. Delhi 1982) 5. Ishwari Prasad and S. K. Subedar, A History of India (1740-1974), (The Indian Press Allahabad 1975) 6. M. V. Pylee, Constitutional History of India (1600-1950), (Asia Publishing House Bombay 1975) |
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Books for Reference 1. B. R. Ambedkar, “Annihilation of Caste”, in Vasant Moon (ed), Dr. Babasahab Ambedkar, Speeches and Writings, Vol I. 2. A. R. Desai, Social Background of Indian Nationalism (5th edn. Popular Prakashan Bombay 1976) 3. H. H. Dodwell (ed), The Cambridge History of India, Vol VI: The Indian Empire (1858-1918) with Additional Chapters on the Last Phase (1919-1947), (S. Chand and Co. Delhi 1982) 4. R. C. Majumdar, History of the Freedom Movement in India¸ (Three Volumes) (Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay Calcutta 1962-65). 5. V. P. Menon, The Story of the Integration of the Indian States, (Orient Longman Bombay 1956) 6. B. B. Misra, The Administrative History of India,1834-1947, (Oxford University Press Delhi 1970) |
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II. POLITICAL SCIENCE—PAPER I |
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A. Political Theory 1. Conception of State and Government 2. Main Currents of Western Political Thought a) Ancient (1) Plato: Concepts of Ideal State: Justice and Law (2) Aristotle: Nature of Politics Classification of States b) Medieval (1) Augustine (2) Aquinas c) Modern (1) Liberalism, Locke and Mill (2) Democratic Socialism (3) Marxism-Leninism 3. Main Currents of Indian Political Thought a) Classical Indian Conceptions of State (1) Shanti Parva (2) Kautilya b) Political ideologies in the 13th century Liberalism—Ranade and Gokhale c) i) Gandhism—Concepts of State and Law ii) Sarvodaya—Vinoba and Jay Prakash iii) Marxist Thought in India 4. Conceptions of Political and Legal Sovereignty: Austinian Concept of Sovereignty and its criticisms 5. Totalitarian State: Fascism and Marxism |
| B. Political Organisation |
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1. Organisation of Government a) Unitary b) Federal c) Quasi-federal 2. Legislature a) Executive b) Judiciary The Doctrine of Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances The Principle of Independence of Judiciary and Judicial Review a) Parliamentary Form b) Presidential Form c) Other Forms 3. Conception of Representation a) Territorial b) Proportional c) Functional 4. Public Opinion and Participation a) Formation of Expression of Public Opinion b) Role of media in communication |
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Recommended Readings for Political Theory 1. A. Appadorai, Substance of Politics 2. Asirvathan Eddy, Political Theory 3. J. W. Garner, Political Science and Government 4. R. G. Gettel, Introduction to Political Science |
| III. LEGAL LANGUAGE INCLUDING LEGAL WRITING |
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The disciple of law has developed its own peculiar language. The object of this paper is to enable the students to comprehend the peculiarities of the legal language. This may be done through a study of the material of the following types— A. Essays and Articles on Legal Topics B. Extracts from Important Judgments C. Use of Legal Terms, Phrases and Maxims D. Correspondence Involving Legal Issues E. Introduction to the Writings of Eminent Jurists F. Accounts of Famous Trials |
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Text Books Prescribed 1. Lord Denning, The Discipline of Law (Aditya Books Private Limited New Delhi Indian Reprint 1993) 2. Istiaque Abidi, Law and Language, (University Publication Aligarh 1978) 3. Glanwille Williams, Learning the Law 4. Bhatnagar and Bhargava, Law and Language 5. H. R. Khanna, The Indocial System 6. N. A. Palkhiwala, We, The People(Strand Book Stall Mumbai 1984 |
| YEAR: V-II | |
| SEMESTER 3 for V-II | |
| SUBJECTS | |
| I. Political Science—Paper II | (100 marks) |
| II. Sociology | (100 marks) |
| III. History of Courts | (100 marks) |
| I. POLITICAL SCIENCE—PAPER II |
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I.FORMATION OF POLITICAL ORGANISATION |
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A. Legitimation and Obligation / Power and Authority 1. Classical: Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau 2. Modern: Karl Marx, Max Weber, Robert Dahl (Power and Authority) |
| B. Political Obligation |
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C. Utilitarianism 1. Bentham 2. J. S. Mill |
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D. Civil Disobedience 1. Gandhism 2. Neo-Gandhism |
| E. The Problems of Obedience to Unjust Laws |
| F. Why Should we Honour Promises and Contracts? |
| G. Theories of Punishment |
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Books Recommended and For Reference 1. G. H. Sabire, A History of Political Theory, (Oxford 1973) 2. S. P. Verma, Modern Political Theory, (Vikas 1980) 3. Robert Dahl, Modern Political Analysis, (Prentice Hall) 4. H. A. Almond and C. B. Pozell, Comprehensive Politics, (Little Brown and Co.) 5. W. A. Dunning, History of Political Theories, Vol. II 6. Llyod’s Introduction to Jurisprudence, pp. 167-197 7. Morris Cohen, Essays in Legal Philosophy, app. 62 to 111 8. Salmond, Theories of Punishment, pp. 94 to 100, Sec 15 9. H. L. A. Hart, Essays in Punishment and Responsibility |
| II. SOCIOLOGY |
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While giving an idea of the general principles of Sociology in the context of Indian society and its institutions, the Course shall strive to reveal to the students the role of law as social engineering. The essential moorings of Law in Society will be identified and the limits and limitations of Law as an instrument of social change will be highlighted through illustrations and empirical studies. The course content of Sociology for the Pre-Law Course may consist of two parts: Part A: Sociology: General Principles Part B: Sociology of India |
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A. Sociology: General Principles 1. Sociology as a Science a) Data, Concepts and Theory b) The Comparative Method 2. Basic Concepts in Sociology a) Structure and Function b) Status and Role c) Norms and Values d) Institutions 3. Social Institutions—A Comprehensive Study a) Marriage, Family and Kinship b) Work and Economic Institutions c) Power and Political Institutions d) Religious Institutions e) Educational Institutions 4. Social Stratification 5. Social Control, Order and Stability 6. Coercion, Conflict and Change 7. Sociology as a Critique of Society 8. Law and Society, Sociology of Law, Sociology of Legal Profession |
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B. Sociology of India 1. The Development of Indian Society a) Unity and Diversity b) Continuity and Change 2. India as a Plural Society: Varieties of— a) Customs and Ways of Life b) Linguistic, Religious and Other Communities 3. Major Institutions of Indian Society a) Family b) Caste c) Village 4. Tribe and Caste in the Traditional Order 5. Caste and Class in Contemporary India 6. The Backward Classes 7. Trends of Change in Indian Society 8. Indian Cultural Values and Development |
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Books Prescribed 1. Pascual Gisbert, Fundamentals of Sociology, (Orient Longman), Chapters 1 to 4, 6 to 9 and 11 to 13. 2. R. Kuppuswamy, Social Change in India, (Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Second Revised and Enlarged Edition, 1979), Chapters 1 to 4 and 12 to 20. 3. W. Friedman, Law in Changing Society, (only Introduction) 4. Horton and Hunt, Sociology |
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Reference Books 1. Kingsley Davis, Human Society, (The Macmillan Company New York) 2. John K. Perry and Erna K. Perry, The Social Web, (Happer & Row Publishers New York 4th edn.) 3. Howard J. Sherman and James B. Wood, Sociology, (Happer & Row Publishers New York) 4. M. Francis-Abraham, Modern Sociological Theory, (Oxford University Press Delhi) 5. Rajni Kothari, Democratic Polity and Social Change in India, (Allied Publishers) |
| III. HISTORY OF COURTS |
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A. Influence of English Law in India 1. Introduction of English Law in India from 1600 to 1832 2. Codification in India: Systematic import of English Law 3. Influence of English Law on Legislation after Independence 4. Special Features of English Law in India |
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B. Judiciary 1. Court system generally under the Constitution of India 2. Court system generally in the State of Maharashtra 3. Development of Rule of Law, Separation of Powers and Independence of Judiciary |
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C. Legislature
1. Government of India Act, 1935— The Federal Assembly and the Council of State, its composition, powers and functions, Legislative Assemblies in the provinces and the powers and functions of the same 2. Legislature under the Constitution of India and Division of Powers 3. Law Reform and the Law Commissions |
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D. Legal Profession
1. The Advocates Act, 1961 2. Development of Legal Education 3. History of Law Reporting in India |
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Recommended Source Materials 1. Durga Das Basu, Constitution of India 2. T. K. Tope, Constitution of India 3. Advocates Act 4. S. K. Agrawal, Legal Education 5. Law Commission Reports 6. Glanville Austin, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, (Oxford University Press Bombay 1979) 7. M. P. Jain, Indian Legal History |
| YEAR: V-II | |
| SEMESTER 4 for V-II | |
| SUBJECTS | |
| I. General English—Paper II | (100 marks) |
| II. Political Science—Paper III | (100 marks) |
| III. Logic—Paper II | (100 marks) |
| DETAILED SYLLABUS |
| IV. GENERAL ENGLISH—PAPER II |
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A. Section I 1. Comprehension Skills a) Comprehension of legal texts, judgments and other passages of a more general nature 2. Composition Skills a) Precis writing, summarising and briefing b) Drafting of reports c) Essay writing, specially on topics of legal interest d) Evaluation of trials, judgments, situations and their analysis e) Speeches and Debates f) Varieties of sentence structures and verb patterns 3. Vocabulary a) Foreign words and phrases (important Latin and English words and phrases) b) Certain set expressions and phrases c) One-word substitution d) Words often confused 4. Speech Training a) Reading aloud (knowledge of proper pauses) b) Key sounds, their discrimination and accent c) Consulting a Pronunciation Dictionary |
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B. Texts for Study The texts for study are 1. E. M. Forster, A Passage to India 2. Harper Lee, To Kill a Mocking Bird |
| V. POLITICAL SCIENCE—PAPER II |
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A. Part A 1. Components of National Power—Population, Geography, Resources, Economic Organisation, Technology, Military Force 2. Limitations on National Power—International Morality, Public Opinion, International Law 3. Major Sources of Conflict: East and West, North and South Rivalries, Territorial Claims, Resources, Population Migrations 4. Peaceful Settlement of Issues—Negotiation, Mediation, Conciliation, Arbitration and Judicial Settlement 5. Alliances, Balance of Power Approach, Collective Security and Disarmament 6. World Community, Multinational Agencies |
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B. Part B 1. Evolution of International Organisations—League of Nations and United Nations 2. Principal Organs of the United Nations and Their Working 3. ILO and Other International Agencies 4. Regional Organisations, Specialised Agencies and International Non-Government Organisations |
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Books Recommended 1. Hans Morgenthan, Politics Among Nations—The Struggle for Power and Peace (Knopt New York) 2. Palmer and Perkine, International Relations 3. Peter Calvocovessi, World Politics Since 1945, (Longman Paperback 3rd edn.) |
| VI. LOGIC—PAPER II |
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A. Deductive Logic 1. Syllogism a) Nature of Syllogism as a Form of Mediate Inference b) Structure of a Syllogism—Function of the Middle Term c) Rules of a Syllogism d) Figures and Mood of a Syllogism e) Valid Moods of the Four Figures f) Enthymeme g) Sorites |
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2. Deductive Proof a) Direct Deductive Proof b) Nine Rules of Inference c) Formal Proof of Validity d) Rule of Replacement e) Rule of Conditional Proof f) Rule of Indirect Proof g) Proof of Tautologies |
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3. Hypothetical and Disjunctive Arguments a) Rules of Hypothetical—Categorical Argument and Fallacies b) Rules of Disjunctive—Categorical Argument and Fallacies c) Dilemma (1) What is a Dilemma? (2) Types of Dilemma (3) Rebuttal of Dilemma (4) Refutation of a Dilemma (5) Importance of a Dilemma |
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4. Reduction a) Aristotle’s Dictum de Quinet Nullo and the First Figure b) Direct Reduction (briefly) c) Indirect Reduction (in details) |
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5. Relations and Relational Arguments a) Symmetrical, Asymmetrical and Non-Symmetrical Relations b) Transitive, Intransitive and Non-Transitive Relations c) Reflexiveness, Aliarelativeness and Connexity |
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6. Fallacies a) What is a Fallacy? b) Fallacies due to Ambiguity of Language c) Fallacies due to Inattention to Arguments |
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B. Inductive Logic 1. Postulates of Induction a) Principle of Universality of Nature b) Principle of Causation c) Common sense Notion of Cause d) Mill’s Theory of Cause e) Plurality of Causes f) Conjunction Of Causes and Intermixture of Effects |
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2. Hypothesis and the Hypothetico-Deductive Method a) What is a Hypothesis? b) Conditions of a Sound Hypothesis c) Stages of Hypothetico-Deductive Method d) Verification of a Hypothesis e) Proof of a Hypothesis f) Types of Hypothesis |
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3. Mill’s Experimental Methods a) Method of Agreement b) Method of Difference c) Joint Method of Agreement and Difference d) Method of Concomitant Variation e) Method of Residues f) Evaluation of Mill’s Methods |
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Reference Books 1. K. T. Basantani, Introduction to Logic (Sheth Publishers Bombay 2nd edn 2000) 2. Irving Copi, An Introduction to Logic |